Awakening - Arousal

Japanese: 覚醒 - かくせい（英語表記）arousal

Physiological term. A physiological state of the brain that corresponds to an increase in the frequency and a decrease in the amplitude of electroencephalograms induced by sensory stimuli. This was confirmed by electrical stimulation of the brainstem reticular formation in a study by G. Morucci and HW Magoon, and is generally believed to be due to nerve impulses flowing from the reticular formation to the cerebral cortex via the thalamus. The activation system of the brainstem reticular formation is an important mechanism related to wakefulness, while its inhibitory system is an important mechanism related to sleep, and the coordinated action of these two systems supports the main physiological mechanism of consciousness.

Awakening
arousal

A psychological term that is hypothesized to refer to a state or drive that leads an organism to act.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

生理学用語。感覚刺激によって惹起する脳波の周波数の増大と振幅の減少に対応する脳の生理的状態。これは G.モルッチと H.W.マグーンの研究で，脳幹網様体を電気刺激することによって確認され，一般に神経インパルスが網様体から視床を経て大脳皮質に流れ込むためとされている。この脳幹網様体の賦活系は覚醒に，これに対してその抑制系は睡眠に関係する重要な機序で，この両系の協調的な働きによって意識の生理的機序の主要部が支えられている。