A type of cartel. Companies agree on the selling price of manufactured or handled goods. Since cartels are originally agreements between companies that are made with the intention of eliminating or mitigating competition between companies, the agreed price is a minimum selling price to eliminate price-cutting competition. Therefore, a price agreement is an agreement between companies not to sell at a price below this price. Japan's Antimonopoly Act prohibits price agreements (Article 18-2 of the Antimonopoly Act), but permits resale price maintenance agreements in specifically designated industries. This is a type of price cartel. In addition, special laws that are exempt from the application of the Antimonopoly Act permit price cartels (Articles 21 to 24-4). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
カルテルの一種。企業が製造品または取扱商品の販売価格を協定すること。もともとカルテルは企業相互の競争の排除ないし緩和を企図して結ばれる企業間の協定であるから,協定される価格は値下げ競争を排除するために最低販売価格となる。したがって価格協定は,この価格以下の価格による販売を行わないことの企業相互の取決めである。日本の独占禁止法は価格協定を禁止しているが (独占禁止法 18条の2) ,特に指定した業種について再販売価格維持契約を認めている。これは価格カルテルの一種である。このほか独占禁止法の適用を除外された特別法が価格カルテルを認めている (21~24条の4) 。
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