Liberation (Russia)

Japanese: 《解放》（ロシア） - かいほう

…It was founded in Moscow in October 1905, mainly by liberal landowners and bourgeoisie, university professors, and freelance intellectuals such as lawyers and doctors. Its predecessor was the Zemstvo Constitutionalist Union, an organization of constitutionalist members of the Zemstvo (local government body) that was increasingly taking an oppositional stance against the Tsarist government in the early 20th century, and the Liberation League, a group formed in St. Petersburg in 1904 centered around the liberal magazine Liberation (published in Stuttgart from 1902, edited by PB Struve). …

From [Struve]

...However, when the revisionism debate broke out in Germany in the same year, he adopted a revisionist stance, which isolated him from his orthodox comrades and led to him gradually leaning towards liberalism, until the two factions finally broke up in 1902. In the same year, he illegally published the magazine Liberation abroad, creating a base for liberals to rally together, and was a key activist when the Liberation League was founded in 1903. He also served as a central committee member of the Kadet (Constitutional Democratic Party), which was founded during the 1905 revolution. After the revolution, he joined the right wing of the party, and in 1909 he was involved in editing the collection of essays Signpost. ...

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "Liberation" (Russia) is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…自由主義的地主とブルジョアジー，大学教授，弁護士や医師などの自由業インテリを中心に，1905年10月モスクワで結成された。その前身は，20世紀初頭にツァーリ政府に対して野党色を強めつつあったゼムストボ(地方自治機関)の立憲派議員の組織〈ゼムストボ立憲派同盟〉と，自由主義誌《解放》(1902年からシュトゥットガルトで発行。編集P.B.ストルーベ)を中心に1904年にペテルブルグで結成されたグループ〈解放同盟〉との二つで，両団体の合同というかたちで発足した。…

【ストルーベ】より

…しかし，同年ドイツで修正主義論争が起こると，修正主義の立場を採ったため，正統派の同志から孤立してしだいにリベラリズムへと傾斜していき，1902年，両派は最終的に断絶した。同年，雑誌《解放》を国外で非合法出版してリベラル派の結集拠点をつくり，03年の〈解放同盟〉結成に際しては主要活動家であり，1905年革命のさなかに創立されたカデット(立憲民主党)の中央委員として働いた。革命後は党の右派に属し，09年，文集《道標》の編集に携わった。…

※「《解放》（ロシア）」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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