Acha no Tsubone - Acha no Tsubone

A concubine of Tokugawa Ieyasu. Her name was Suwa. She was the daughter of Iida Naomasa, a vassal of the Takeda clan of Kai. She married Kamio Tadashige, a vassal of the Imagawa clan of Suruga, but in 1577 (Tensho 5), she became a widow with one child. Two years later, she served Ieyasu and was called Acha no Tsubone. She often accompanied him to the battlefield, and suffered a miscarriage on the battlefield during the Battle of Komaki Nagakute in 1584. She was a gifted woman of intelligence, and during the Winter Siege of Osaka in 1614 (Keicho 19), she entered Osaka Castle with Yodo-dono's younger sister, Joukoin, wife of Kyogoku Takatsugu, and played a political role by acting as an emissary of peace and taking a written oath between Yodo-dono and Hideyori, mother and son. Even after Ieyasu's death in 1616 (Genwa 2), she did not let her hair down, per Ieyasu's orders. In 1620, when Hidetada's fifth daughter, Kazuko (Tofukumon'in), entered the Imperial Court under Emperor Gomizunoo, she went to Kyoto to act as a surrogate mother for Kazuko. She also went to Kyoto to look after the birth of an Imperial princess (later Emperor Meisho) in 1623. She was given the rank of Juichii by Emperor Gomizunoo, and came to be known as Kamio Ichii no Tsubone. In 1632 (Kan'ei 9), after Hidetada's death, she shaved her head and took the name Unkoin.

[Tamaki Seki]

"Tokugawa Family Genealogy, Vol. 1 and 2, edited by Saito Kazuma and Iwasawa Yoshihiko (1970, 1974, Zoku Gunsho Ruiju Kanseikai)" "Takayanagi Kinho annotated, New Edition, Historical Documents on the Lives of Tokugawa Women (1995, Shinjinbutsu Oraisha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

徳川家康の側室。名は須和(すわ)。甲斐武田氏の臣、飯田直政(なおまさ)の娘。駿河今川氏の臣、神尾忠重(かんおただしげ)と結婚したが、1577年（天正5）、一子を抱えて寡婦となる。2年後、家康に仕え、阿茶局と称した。しばしば戦場にも従い、1584年の小牧長久手の戦いの際には戦場で流産した。才知に優れ、1614年（慶長19）の大坂冬の陣のときには、淀君の妹で京極高次の妻常高院(じょうこういん)とともに大坂城に入り、和睦の使者をつとめて淀君・秀頼母子の誓書をとるなど、政治的役割も果たした。1616年（元和2）の家康没後も、家康の命により髪を下ろさなかった。1620年、秀忠の五女和子(かずこ・まさこ)（東福門院(とうふくもんいん)）が後水尾天皇(ごみずのおてんのう)のもとに入内したときは、和子の母代わりとして上洛。また1623年の皇女（のちの明正天皇(めいしょうてんのう)）出産の際にも上洛して世話した。後水尾天皇より従一位の位を与えられ、神尾一位局とも言われるようになった。1632年（寛永9）、秀忠の死後剃髪し、雲光院と号した。

［関　民子］

『斎藤一馬・岩沢愿彦校訂『徳川諸家系譜』第1、第2（1970、1974・続群書類従完成会）』▽『高柳金芳校注『新装版　史料徳川夫人伝』（1995・新人物往来社）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例