Ectomycorrhizae - Gaisei Kinkon

…When the forces of both are in balance, they are in a symbiotic relationship, but sometimes the roots digest and absorb the hyphae that have entered the cells, or the power of the fungi becomes stronger and the relationship becomes somewhat pathogenic. When the hyphae cover the roots of vascular plants and grow in the tissue near the surface, forming a mushroom-like structure, it is called ectomycorrhizae or ectomycorrhizae, and when the hyphae live within the cells of the tissue of the root cortex, it is called endomycorrhizae or endomycorrhizae. Although not roots, ferns such as the acephalanx and the pine orchid, which have gametophytes that are geophytic and do not have chloroplasts, have a type of imperfect fungus living symbiotically within their tissues, and these are also called mycorrhizal, but this is an example of the expanded meaning of the word, as they have a similar lifestyle to the fungi that live symbiotically with the roots. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "ectomycorrhizae" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…双方の勢力が均衡を保っていると共生関係にあるが，根が細胞内にはいった菌糸を消化吸収したり，菌類の勢力が強まってやや病原的な関係となることもある。菌糸が維管束植物の根を覆って，その表面の付近の組織中に繁殖し，キノコ様の構造をつくるものを外菌根または外生菌根といい，菌糸が根の皮層の組織の細胞内で生活しているものを内菌根または内生菌根という。根ではないが，シダ植物のリュウビンタイやマツバランのように，配偶体が地中性で葉緑体をもたないものでは組織内に不完全菌類の一種を共生させており，これらも菌根性といわれるが，これは根に共生する菌類と同じような生活様式をもつところから，語義を拡大して用いている例である。…

※「外生菌根」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報