The area refers to the northern part of ancient Palestine, namely the region extending from the foot of Mount Hermon to the Plain of Esdraelon in the south. This plain is fertile farmland irrigated by the Kishon River, whose main sources are Mount Gilboa and Mount Tabor, and is famous as an ancient battlefield. Its eastern border is the Jordan River and Lake Galilee (Lake Tiberias). The name Galilee comes from the Greek transliteration of the Hebrew word gālîl, Galileia, meaning "around" or "region." It was originally the name of the mountainous region west of Lake Galilee. In the Old Testament, the indigenous Canaanites remained, and this region was called "Galilee of the foreign peoples" (Isaiah). Later, the area also included the Plain of Esdraelon in the south. Most of Jesus and his 12 disciples were from this region. During the time of Jesus, it was the territory of the governor Herod Antipas (reigned 4 BC to 39 AD), and Jesus spent most of his life here and was the main stage of his mission. After the fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD, the city of Tiberias became an important center of Judaism in Palestine. It is now one of the administrative districts of Israel, with Nazareth at its center. [Masao Takahashi] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
古代のパレスチナの北部、すなわちヘルモン山麓(さんろく)から南のエスドラエロン平原に続く地方をさす。この平原はギルボア山とタボル山をおもな水源とするキション川に潤される肥沃(ひよく)な耕地で、古戦場として有名である。東境はヨルダン川とガリラヤ湖(ティベリアス湖)。ガリラヤの名は、ヘブライ語のガーリールgālîlのギリシア音訳ガリライアGalilaia(「周囲」すなわち「地方」の意)に由来する。元来はガリラヤ湖西方の山岳地帯の名称であった。旧約時代には先住民カナーン人が残存し、この地方は「異民族のガリラヤ」(「イザヤ書」)とよばれた。のち南方のエスドラエロン平原も含むようになった。イエスとその12人の弟子のほとんどはこの地方の出身であった。イエス時代には国守ヘロデ・アンティパス(在位前4~後39)の所領であり、イエスは生涯の大部分をここで過ごし、伝道の主要舞台であった。紀元後70年エルサレム陥落後ティベリアの町はパレスチナにおけるユダヤ教の重要な中心地となった。現在はイスラエルの行政区の一つで、その中心はナザレである。 [高橋正男] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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