Tubers - tubers

Japanese: 塊茎 - かいけい
Tubers - tubers

A branched underground stem of a plant that swells significantly at the end and becomes a lump. This is the tuber part of potatoes and Jerusalem artichokes. In potatoes, it stores large amounts of starch, and in Jerusalem artichokes, it stores inulin and other nutrients. In seasons unsuitable for growth, such as winter, the aboveground parts of the plant die, but the underground tubers survive, and when the season is suitable for growth again, the tubers sprout and emerge from various places and reproduce. Corms, such as those found in taro, are underground stems that store nutrients and swell to survive the winter and reproduce vegetatively. Comparing tubers and corms, tubers have more buds, and corms grow in contact with the mother axis, while tubers have a thin stalk between the mother axis, but it is not possible to strictly distinguish between the two.

[Fukuda Taiji]

Potato tubers
Potatoes are swollen stems called stolon. Their shape varies depending on the variety. ©Shogakukan Photo by Okuyama Hisashi ">

Potato tubers

Taro corm
The stems barely grow, remain underground, and swell to become potatoes. The baby potatoes grow in clusters around the parent potato. ©Shogakukan ">

Taro corm


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

植物の地下茎が枝分れし、その先のほうが著しく肥大して塊状となったもの。ジャガイモ、キクイモなどのいもの部分がこれにあたる。ジャガイモの場合はデンプン、キクイモの場合はイヌリンなどの養分を多量に貯蔵している。冬などの生育に不適当な季節に植物の地上部は枯れても地下の塊茎が生き残り、ふたたび生育に適する季節がくると塊茎のあちこちから芽と不定根を出して繁殖する。これと同様に養分を貯蔵し肥大して越冬と栄養繁殖を役目とする地下茎に、サトイモなどにみられる球茎がある。塊茎と球茎を比較すると、塊茎のほうが多くの芽をもち、また球茎は母軸に接してできるのに対して塊茎は母軸との間に細い柄があるなどの差もあるが、両者を厳密に区別することはできない。

[福田泰二]

ジャガイモの塊茎
いもは匐枝とよばれる茎が肥大したもの。形は品種によりさまざまである©Shogakukan 撮影/おくやまひさし">

ジャガイモの塊茎

サトイモの球茎
茎はほとんど伸びず地中にあり、肥大していもとなる。親いもの周囲に子いもが群生する©Shogakukan">

サトイモの球茎


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