Caryatid

Japanese: カリアティード - かりあてぃーど(英語表記)caryatid
Caryatid

A female statue is a column that uses female figures instead of columns to support the beams of a building. In Greek, it is called karyatides, and is the opposite of atlantes (male statue). According to ancient documents, the town of Caryai in the Peloponnese sided with the Persians during the Persian Wars, and as a punishment after the war, the women of Caryai were made slaves and forced to carry heavy burdens for the rest of their lives, and statues of female statues were used in public buildings to commemorate this event. However, in reality, such female statues were used long before the time of the Persian Wars, and examples of older examples include two female statues in the Siphnian Treasury at Delphi (mid-6th century BC). The six female statues in the Erechtheion on the Acropolis of Athens are the most well-known.

[Masaaki Maeda]

[Reference] | Erechtheion

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

女像柱。建築の梁(はり)を支える円柱のかわりに女人像を用いた柱。ギリシア語ではカリアティデスkaryatidesで、アトランテス(男像柱)の対語。古代の文献によれば、ペルシア戦争の際にペロポネソス半島のカリュアイという町がペルシア方に味方したため、戦後その罰としてカリュアイの女たちを奴隷とし、生涯重荷を担ぐ苦役を科し、そのことを後世に伝えるために公共建造物にその像を用いたと伝えている。しかし実際には、このような女像柱はペルシア戦争の時代よりはるかに以前から用いられており、古い作例にデルフォイのシフノス人の宝庫(前6世紀中ごろ)の2体の女像柱がある。アテネのアクロポリスにあるエレクテイオンの6体がもっともよく知られている。

[前田正明]

[参照項目] | エレクテイオン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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