A Russian-born French playwright, born in Kislovodsk in the Caucasus. After the Russian Revolution, he moved to Switzerland and Germany, and in 1924 he went to Paris, where he formed ties with the Surrealist group. Influenced by the Swedish playwright Strindberg, he began writing plays, and in 1948, at the request of director Jean Villard, he translated Büchner's "Danton's Death" for the Avignon Festival. When "Les Misérables" and "Invasion" were staged by director Roger Planchon in 1950, he was instantly praised alongside Beckett and Ionesco. With "Professor Tarenne" in 1953, he resonated with Brecht's theories, and his style changed from unconscious abstract metaphors to plays with a strong social impact. His works, such as "Ping Pong" in 1955, "Paolo Paoli" in 1957, and "Spring '71" in 1961, took on a strong political nature. His last work was "If Summer Comes Back" in 1970. [Tetsuo Toshimitsu] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ロシア生まれのフランスの劇作家。コーカサス地方キスロボーツクの生まれ。ロシア革命後、スイス、ドイツへ移り住み、1924年パリへ出てシュルレアリストのグループと親交を結ぶ。スウェーデンの劇作家ストリンドベリの影響を受けて劇作を始め、かたわら1948年、演出家ジャン・ビラールの依頼で、ビュヒナーの『ダントンの死』をアビニョン演劇祭のために翻訳。1950年『大小の策略』と『侵入』が演出家ロジェ・プランションによって上演されるや、一躍ベケットやイオネスコなどと並び称せられるようになる。1953年の『タレンヌ教授』を契機にブレヒトの理論に共鳴して、作風は無意識の抽象的暗喩(あんゆ)から社会性の強い劇へと変わる。1955年の『ピン・ポン』、1957年の『パオロ・パオリ』、1961年の『71年春』など強烈な政治性を帯びていった。遺作は1970年の『もしも夏が戻って来るなら』。 [利光哲夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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