Offer - Offer

Japanese: オファ - おふぁ

… In the first half of the 7th century, Cadwallon, king of Gwynedd, demonstrated his power by defeating Northumbria, which was the dominant power among the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms at the time, but he was soon defeated and killed, ending the Welsh hopes of recovering Britain. In the second half of the 8th century, Offa, king of Mercia, built a long embankment along the present-day Welsh border to prevent a counterattack by the Welsh. In the 9th and 10th centuries, Viking raids were committed along the entire coast of Wales, and this external pressure was one of the factors that led to a movement for unification among the small, separate kingdoms, centered around Gwynedd. …

From the Seven Kingdoms

…East Anglia rose to power for a time in the first half of the 7th century, but Northumbria was strong in the middle of the century, and its king Edwin (reigned 617-632) invaded Scotland. In the 8th century, Mercia became powerful, and its king Offa (reigned 757-796) not only exercised suzerainty over other countries, but also built a long earthwork called Offa's Bulwark on the border with Wales, oppressed the Britons, and confronted Charlemagne of the Franks, demonstrating his great power. In the 9th century, King Egbert of Wessex, who had been oppressed by Mercia, increased his power and defeated Mercia in 829, becoming the sovereign of the Seven Kingdoms. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Offa" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…　7世紀前半グウィネッズの王カドワロンは，当時アングロ･サクソンの七王国に覇をとなえていたノーサンブリアを撃破して威を示したが，彼はまもなく敗死し，ウェールズ人のブリタニア回復の望みは断たれた。8世紀後半にはイングランドのマーシア王オファは，ほぼ今日のウェールズ国境に長大な土塁を築いてウェールズ人の反撃を封じた。9～10世紀のウェールズでは全海岸にわたってバイキングの略奪が行われたが，この外圧も一因となって，グウィネッズを中心に分立小王国間に統合の気運が生じた。…

【七王国】より

…次いで7世紀前半にはイースト･アングリアが一時台頭したが，同世紀半ばにはノーサンブリアが強勢を誇り，その王エドウィン(在位617‐632)はスコットランドに遠征をおこなった。8世紀にはマーシアが強大となり，とくにその王オファ(在位757‐796)は他の諸国に宗主権をふるっただけでなく，ウェールズとの境界に〈オファの防塁〉と呼ばれる長大な土塁を築いてブリトン人を圧迫し，またフランクのカール大帝と対立するなど，大いに威を示した。　9世紀には，マーシアに圧せられていたウェセックスのエグバート王が勢力を増大，829年マーシアを破って七王国に覇をとなえるに至った。…

※「オファ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Offer - Offer (English spelling)

>>: Op - Op