…A double-reed conical woodwind instrument. Also called obeau or haut-bois. From the French words au (high) and bois (wood), it means a high-pitched woodwind instrument. In folk music, it is sometimes used as a general term for double-reed instruments. Many double-reed woodwind instruments have been distributed around the world since ancient times, including the aulos from the Greek and Roman period, the gaita from North Africa, the surnai and charumela from West Asia, and others. Most of these were played by blowing into a reed attached to the inside of the tube, or by putting the entire reed in the mouth. … From 【Flute】... This type of instrument has a very long history, having been introduced to Europe in the 12th or 13th century, and in the Renaissance it was used as an ensemble instrument, either alone or in conjunction with other instruments or songs. However, the recorder was already at a level of perfection as an instrument for this purpose, and the flute was not improved until the second half of the 17th century, mainly by the Otteter family of France. Their work was to create woodwind instruments suitable for chamber music, develop playing techniques, and write pieces for them. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to the "Ottail Clan" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ダブル・リード(複簧)の円錐管木管楽器。オーボー,オーボアともいう。フランス語のオー(高い)とボア(木)に由来し,高音の木管楽器を意味する。民族音楽等に関しては,ダブル・リード楽器の総称として用いることがある。ダブル・リードの木管楽器は古くから世界に数多く分布しており,ギリシア・ローマ時代のアウロス,北アフリカのガイタ,西アジアのスルナイ,チャルメラなどがある。これらは管の内部に装着されたリードに息を吹き込んで鳴らすか,リード全体を口の中に入れてしまうものがほとんどであった。… 【フルート】より… この種の楽器の歴史は非常に古く,ヨーロッパへは12~13世紀ころ伝えられ,ルネサンス時代に入ると同族楽器だけで,あるいは他の楽器や歌に合わせてアンサンブル用楽器として用いられた。しかしそのための楽器としてリコーダーの方が先んじて完成の域にあり,フルートはようやく17世紀の後半になって,フランスのオットテール一族を中心に改良が行われた。彼らの仕事は室内楽に適する木管楽器を作り,奏法を開発し,作品を書くことであった。… ※「オットテール一族」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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