A private organization that conducts research to achieve stable peace in the world and peaceful resolution of international conflicts. It is a non-governmental, non-profit, independent research organization founded in 1959 by Johan Galtung (1930-), a Norwegian international political scientist and peace scholar who aims for conflict resolution without relying on force. Its abbreviation is PRIO. Its headquarters are in Oslo, Norway, and Galtung served as its first director. Galtung is a leading figure in peace studies who proposed the concept that peace should be "positive peace," free of poverty, oppression, discrimination, violence, etc., in addition to "negative peace," a state without war. The Oslo International Peace Research Institute is the world's first peace studies research center, and a pioneer of international peace research institutes. In addition to basic research in line with the current international political situation, it strives to raise awareness of conflict resolution and peace promotion through dialogue and reconciliation. It also disseminates information on international peace to the world, contributing to the advancement of peace studies. The official language of the institute is English. There are about 75 staff members, more than half of whom are researchers. The institute's basic endowment is about 6 million Norwegian kroner (about 99 million yen). As of 2015, the budget is 120 million Norwegian kroner (about 1.98 billion yen), and is covered by donations as well as fees from peace-related research commissioned by the Norwegian government and UN-related organizations. The International Peace Research Institute (IPRI) publishes its predictions for the Nobel Peace Prize each year ahead of the award announcement, but is not affiliated with the Nobel Foundation, which is also based in Oslo. [Takeshi Yano May 19, 2016] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
世界の安定的平和や国際紛争の平和的解決の実現に向けた研究を行う民間機関。武力に頼らない紛争解決を目ざすノルウェーの国際政治学者、平和学者のヨハン・ガルトゥングJohan Galtung(1930― )によって1959年に創設された、非政府系・非営利の独立研究機関である。略称PRIO(プリオ)。本部をノルウェーのオスロに置き、初代所長をガルトゥングが務めた。ガルトゥングは平和を、戦争のない状態である「消極的平和negative peace」に加えて、貧困、抑圧、差別、暴力などのない「積極的平和positive peace」であるべきだとの概念を提唱した平和学の第一人者である。 オスロ国際平和研究所は世界初の平和学の研究センターであり、国際的な平和研究機関の先駆けとなった。国際政治状況に即した基礎的研究のほか、対話や和解を通じた紛争解決や平和推進の啓蒙(けいもう)に努めている。また国際平和に関する情報を世界に発信し、平和学の進展に貢献している。所内の公用語は英語。スタッフは約75人で、半数以上が研究者である。研究所の基礎基金は約600万ノルウェークローネ(約9900万円)。予算規模は2015年時点で1億2000万ノルウェークローネ(約19億8000万円)であり、寄付金のほか、ノルウェー政府や国際連合関連機関などから依頼される平和関連研究などを受託することによる報酬でまかなわれている。 オスロ国際平和研究所は毎年、ノーベル平和賞の発表に先だち、受賞予想を発表しているが、同じオスロに本部を置くノーベル財団とは無関係である。 [矢野 武 2016年5月19日] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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