Kingdom of God - KAMINOKUNI (English spelling) hē basileia tou theou; Kingdom of God

Japanese: 神の国 - かみのくに（英語表記）hē basileia tou theou; Kingdom of God

It is the fundamental belief of Christianity throughout the Old and New Testaments and throughout church history, and was the theme of Jesus' sermons. Mark 1:15 records Jesus' first preaching words: "The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; repent and believe the gospel." The kingdom of God, longed for by the Jews, was originally conceived as God's rule over the entire world, but was also thought to bring political independence and prosperity to the Jewish people. However, as the eschatological view developed, the ideal of an earthly kingdom was no longer emphasized, and transcendental and trans-mortal things were also emphasized, and it came to be believed that on the last day, judgment and blessing, destruction and salvation would extend to all mankind. Jesus' "kingdom of God" was strongly influenced by this Jewish eschatological view, but it is characterized by its emphasis on God's blessings on the poor, the pure in heart, and those suffering persecution, as well as its emphasis on the faith and lifestyle required to receive the kingdom of God. There was a debate as to whether the "Kingdom of God" in these words was something that existed in the present or something supernatural that would suddenly come to pass at the end of the world, but now the eschatological view is more prevalent. Jesus did not speak about the time when the Kingdom of God would suddenly come, which would be beyond human understanding, but simply urged us to humbly wait for the Kingdom of God.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

旧約聖書，新約聖書，教会史を通じてのキリスト教の根本的信仰であり，イエスの説教の主題であった。『マルコによる福音書』1章 15に「時は満ちた，神の国は近づいた。悔い改めて福音を信ぜよ」というイエスの最初の宣教の言葉が記されている。元来ユダヤ人に待望されていた神の国は，全世界に及ぶ神の支配として考えられたが，同時にユダヤ民族の政治的独立や繁栄をもたらすものとされていた。しかし，終末観の発達とともに地上王国の理想から超越的，超現世的なものも強調されるようになり，終末の日に審判と祝福，滅亡と救いが全人類に及ぶとされるにいたった。イエスの「神の国」はこのユダヤ教の終末観の影響を強く受けているが，貧しい者，心清き者，迫害に苦しむ者などへの神の祝福を強調し，また神の国を受けるための信仰と生き方に重点をおいているところに特色がみられる。その言葉において「神の国」が現在的なものか終末に突如として実現する超自然的なものかどうか，議論の対立するところであったが，いまでは終末論的な見方が強い。イエスはこの人知をこえて突如として実現する神の国の到来の時期については語らず，ただへりくだって神の国を待つことを強くすすめた。

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