Osaka Alkali Incident

...Of the court cases in which compensation for damages for these damages was an issue, the Toyama Itai-itai disease case, the Niigata Minamata disease case (Agano River organic mercury poisoning case), the Kumamoto Minamata disease case, and the Yokkaichi asthma case are sometimes called the four major pollution trials. However, if we trace back cases in which compensation for agricultural damage was sought, we can go back as far as the Osaka Alkali case, which was decided by the Supreme Court in 1916. There is also the unique pollution trial of the Annaka pollution case, in which, after a long dispute, the defendant company was found to have been aware of and accepted the occurrence of the damage, and was found to have acted with intent, and was ordered to pay compensation. ...

*Some of the terms used in reference to the "Osaka Alkali Incident" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…そしてそれらの被害の損害賠償が問題とされた裁判事件のうちで，富山イタイイタイ病事件，新潟水俣病事件(阿賀野川有機水銀中毒事件)，熊本水俣病事件，四日市喘息事件は四大公害裁判と呼ばれることがある。しかし，農業被害の損害賠償が請求された事件をたどれば，古く1916年に大審院で判決があった大阪アルカリ事件などにさかのぼることができる。また，長期間の紛争のすえ，被告事業者が損害発生を認識し容認していたとして，故意を認めて損害賠償を命じた安中公害事件のような特異な公害裁判もある。…

※「大阪アルカリ事件」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報