...Universities play a leading role in basic research in Japan's technological development. National research institutes conduct (1) research and testing necessary for the achievement of national objectives (energy technology development, etc.), (2) research and testing required in conjunction with the enforcement of technological laws (establishment of industrial standards, research and testing necessary for the establishment of various safety standards, etc.), (3) research and testing necessary for projects directly carried out by the state (research and testing for public projects, etc.), and (4) research and testing that is known to be necessary for the improvement of industrial technology but that cannot be promoted by private companies due to financial and risk-bearing constraints (next-generation technology development, development of large-scale projects, etc.). Meanwhile, private companies are the main players in Japan's technological development, with about 70% of R&D investment coming from private companies. ... *Some of the terminology used in reference to "large-scale projects" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…日本の技術開発のうち基礎研究は大学が主導的役割を果たしている。国立試験研究機関は,(1)国家目的の遂行に必要な試験研究(エネルギー技術開発等),(2)技術法令の施行に伴って必要とされる試験研究(工業標準の制定,各種の安全基準制定に必要な試験研究等),(3)国家が直接行う事業に必要な試験研究(公立事業のための試験研究等),(4)産業の技術向上に必要であることがわかっていても,資金的,リスク負担面から民間企業では開発が促進されない試験研究(次世代技術開発,大型プロジェクトの開発等)を行っている。一方,日本の技術開発の主体は民間企業で,研究開発投資の約7割が民間企業によるものである。… ※「大型プロジェクト」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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