Kamigamo Rokugo - Kamigamo Rokugo

Japanese: 上賀茂六郷 - かみがもろくごう

The term refers to the six districts of Kawakami, Omiya, Oyama, Okamoto, Nakamura, and Ono that were the territory of Kamo Wakeikazuchi Shrine (Kamigamo Shrine) in Kyoto in the Middle Ages. Stretching from the southern part of Kamigamo Shrine to the northwest, they were also called "Kamo Rokugo" and "Kamo Shrine Precinct Rokugo." In 1017, Emperor Goichijo, who visited Kamo Shrine, donated eight districts in Atago County, Yamashiro Province, to Kamigamo Shrine and Kamomioya Shrine (Shimogamo Shrine). The four districts that became the territory of Kamigamo Shrine (Kamo-go, Ono-go, Nishikibe-go, and Ono-go) were reorganized by the early 13th century to become six districts. A unique land system called "orai-den" was practiced in Kamo Rokugo. The land that was the shrine's territory was divided among the clan members, and when a clan member died, the land was returned to the shrine and assigned to another clan member. This system was named after the fact that the land was transferred between the shrine and the clan members. This system was maintained throughout the Middle Ages, and the shugo was not allowed to enter the land. In the early modern period, the land of Kamigamo Shrine was greatly reduced by the Taiko Land Survey, but the orai-den system was maintained on the remaining shrine territory.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

中世に京都賀茂別雷(かもわけいかずち)神社（上賀茂神社）領であった河上，大宮，小山，岡本，中村，小野の６郷をいう。上賀茂社の南部から北西部に広がっていて，〈賀茂六郷〉〈賀茂社境内六郷〉とも称された。1017年賀茂社に参詣した後一条天皇は山城国愛宕(おたぎ)郡の８郷を上賀茂社と賀茂御祖(かもみおや)神社（下鴨神社）に寄進，上賀茂社領となった４郷（賀茂郷，小野郷，錦部郷，大野郷）が13世紀初期までに再編されて６郷となった。賀茂六郷では〈往来田〉とよばれる独自の土地制度が行われていた。神社領である田地を氏人が分割所有，氏人が死去すると田地を神社に返し，別の氏人に宛行(あておこな)うという制度で，田地が神社と氏人の間を往来するのでこの名がある。この制度は中世を通じて維持され，守護不入の地であった。近世に入り太閤検地で上賀茂社領は大幅に削減されたが，残された社領で往来田制度は維持された。

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