Kamikatsura-so

Japanese: 上桂荘 - かみかつらのしょう

This manor was located on the right bank (south bank) of the Katsura River in Kadono County, Yamashiro Province, in what is now Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City. It is also called Kamino Manor. The land was developed by Tsumoritsuno-no-Miko, who is believed to have been a member of the Hata clan, which had long held sway over the Kadono County area, and is believed to have been established in the mid-10th century. At the end of the Heian period, it became the territory of Shichijo-in, and later, with a donation from Emperor Go-Uda, it became the territory of Toji (Kyoogokokuji). In 1229, the total number of fields was 16 cho, of which 7 cho 5 tan were designated fields, with an annual tax of 30 koku, and in 1245, the total number of fields was 22 cho 2 tan, of which 5 cho 5 tan were designated fields, with an annual tax of 23 koku, and an annual tax of 4 cho. In 1334, the official fields were 11 cho 1 tan, and the designated fields were 7 cho 4 tan. Throughout the Nanboku-cho period, the annual tax of rice was about 60 koku. It was a small manor for Toji. Located on the river bank, it was blessed with abundant water, but on the other hand it was constantly at risk of flooding, and irrigation channels and fields were often damaged. There were also constant disputes over borders and territorial disputes over inherited lands, and especially from the latter half of the Northern and Southern Courts period, the land began to be encroached upon by nearby Zen temples. In 1429, a major flood on the Katsura River left the fields almost desolate, so Toji Temple appointed Kawashima Sadayasu, the land lord of Kawashima Manor to the south, as the magistrate of Kami Katsura Manor and head of the Sutemyo, and had him undertake redevelopment. It also appointed the wealthy Terasaki Genga and Noriyoshifusa Suson as head of Ueno Manor, on the condition that they would cover the cost of restoration, and began restoration work. However, the right to manage the water supply was soon transferred from Toji Temple to the local lords and headmen, and Toji Temple's control gradually declined.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

山城国葛野(かどの)郡の桂川右岸（南岸），現京都市西京区にあった荘園。上野(かみの)荘ともいう。開発領主は葛野郡一帯に古くから勢力を張っていた秦(はた)氏の一族と推定される津守津公で，成立は10世紀中ごろと推定される。平安時代末期七条院領となり，のち後宇多上皇の寄進により東寺（教王護国寺）領となる。1229年の総田数16町余，うち定田は７町５段余で年貢米30石余，1245年には総田数22町２段余，うち定田５町５段余で年貢米23石余，定畑４町余。1334年には公田11町１段余，定田７町４段余。南北朝期を通じて年貢米は約60石。東寺領荘園としては小規模である。河岸に立地することから用水には恵まれたが，反面洪水の危険につねにさらされ，用水路・田畑被害がたびたびあった。また伝領関係をめぐる紛争や境界相論も絶えず，特に南北朝後半期以降は近隣に所在する禅院の蚕食が進んだ。1429年の桂川大洪水で田畑がほぼ荒廃地となったため，東寺は南隣革島(かわしま)荘の地頭革島貞安を上桂荘代官職および捨名主職に任命して再開発を請け負わせ，さらに復旧費負担を条件に富豪の寺崎玄雅と乗真房祐尊を上野荘名主職に補任して復興に乗り出すが，やがて用水管理権が東寺から土豪，名主側に移り，東寺の支配は次第に衰退していった。

出典　株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて　情報

<<: Kamigamo Rokugo - Kamigamo Rokugo

>>: Kamikatsu [town] - Kamikatsu