Charadriiformes, Aukletidae. Extinct species (→ extinct). Its wings were short and it had no flying ability, and its appearance and behavior were similar to that of a penguin. Total length 75cm. Head height 75-85cm, it was by far the largest among the Aukletidae. The head, back, tail and wings are black-brown, and in summer plumage (→ plumage) there is a large white spot near the eye. The chest and belly are white. The bill is large, with a black background and white stripes. It bred on small islands in the northern Atlantic Ocean from northern Spain to England, the Scandinavian Peninsula, Iceland, Greenland, and the Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada. After breeding, it moved south, but it is not known exactly how far it migrated. Since it was unable to fly, there were not many islands it could land on, and when it landed to breed, it was captured by humans who wanted food and feathers. As a result, the originally large population declined considerably during the 18th century, and the last specimen was caught in 1844 on the island of Eldý off the coast of Iceland. 78 stuffed specimens remain. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
チドリ目ウミスズメ科。絶滅種(→絶滅)。翼は短くて飛翔力がなく,外見も行動もペンギンに似ていた。全長 75cm。頭高 75~85cmでウミスズメ科では飛び抜けて大きかった。羽色は頭部,背,尾,翼は黒褐色で,夏羽(→羽衣)では眼先に大きな白斑がある。胸から腹は白色。嘴は大きく,黒地に白い縞模様が入る。スペイン北部からイギリス,スカンジナビア半島,アイスランド,グリーンランド,カナダのセントローレンス湾にかけての北部大西洋の小島で繁殖していた。繁殖後は南下していたが,どこまで移動したかは正確には不明。飛翔力がないので上陸できる島はそれほど多くなく,繁殖のため上陸したところを食料や羽毛を得ようとする人間に捕えられていた。そのため,もともと多かった個体数は 18世紀にはかなり減少し,1844年にアイスランド沖のエルディー島で標本用に捕えられたのが最後と考えられている。剥製は 78点残されている。
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