When discussing rotational motion, these are the three angles θ, , and ψ used to specify the rotational position of an object. These angles are given as shown in the figure. With the origin O as the center of rotation, take the Cartesian coordinate system O- XYZ fixed in space and the Cartesian coordinate system O- xyz fixed to the rotating object, and let OK be the intersection line between the XY plane and the xy plane. The angle between the z axis and the Z axis is θ, the angle between OK and the Y axis is ψ, and the angle between OK and the y axis is ψ. The Cartesian coordinate system initially in O- XYZ coincides with O- xyz when rotated around the Z axis by angle , then around OK by angle θ, and finally around the z axis by angle ψ. The black dots in the figure indicate the intersection points between each line and the unit sphere centered at point O. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
回転運動を論じるとき,物体の回転位置を指定するのに用いられる3つの角 θ , ,ψ のことをいう。これらの角は図のように与えられる。回転の中心を原点O とし,空間に固定された直角座標系O- XYZ と,回転物体に固定された直角座標系O- xyz とをとり,XY 平面と xy 平面との交線を OK とする。 Z 軸に対し z 軸のなす角が θ ,Y 軸に対し OK のなす角が ,OK に対し y 軸のなす角が ψ である。最初O- XYZ にあった直角座標系は,Z 軸のまわりに角 ,次に OK のまわりに角 θ ,最後に z 軸のまわりに角 ψ だけ回転させると,O- xyz と一致する。図の黒点は各直線と点Oを中心とする単位球面との交点を示す。
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