...A plant that can grow on land containing salt. It may be limited to higher plants that grow in coastal salt marshes and inland salt marshes and salt deserts, or it may include algae and higher plants such as eelgrass and zostera that grow in seawater or brackish water. Salt damage is caused by the high osmotic pressure of the surrounding salt-containing soil and by the adverse physiological effects of high concentrations of salt within the plant. There are several ways that halophytes can tolerate salt: (1) They accumulate salts in a form that is not damaging to the plant, especially in the vacuoles of leaf cells, and increase the osmotic pressure of the leaves, thereby increasing the ability of the roots to absorb water. *Some of the terminology that refers to "salt marshes" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…塩類を含んだ土地で生育できる植物。海岸の塩生湿地と内陸の塩生湿地・塩砂漠に生育する高等植物に限る場合と,藻類や高等植物でもアマモ,カワツルモなどの海水・汽水中の沈水植物を含める場合がある。塩害には,塩類を含んだまわりの土壌の高い浸透圧の影響と植物体内での高濃度の塩類による生理的悪影響があり,塩生植物の耐塩性salt toleranceのしくみには次のようないくつかの方法がある。(1)植物体内とくに葉の細胞の液胞に害を受けない形で塩類を集積し,葉の浸透圧を大きくすることによって根からの吸水能力を高める。… ※「塩性湿地」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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