Ālvār (English spelling)

Japanese: アールワール - あーるわーる(英語表記)Ālvār
Ālvār (English spelling)

A general term for 12 saints (one of whom is a woman) revered by Indian Vaishnavas. Based on the Tamil verb root aaru (to sink), it is interpreted as meaning "one who has immersed himself in the meditation of God." They were minstrels active mainly in South India, and their individual dates are unknown. The representative figure, Nammarwar, is estimated to have been active around the 8th century. They identified Vishnu with Prince Rama, the hero of the epic poem Ramayana, and the mythical figure Krishna, the cowboy, and fervently praised their devotion and absolute surrender to God, striving to become one with Him in a state of ecstasy. Their poems are collected in the Tamil poetry collection Narayiladivyaprabhandham (Anthology of Four Thousand Holy Poems), and are revered as the "Tamil Vedic scriptures."

[Teruyoshi Matsumoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

インドのビシュヌ教徒によって尊崇される12人の聖者(うち女性1人)の総称。タミル語の動詞語根アール(沈む)の意味により、「神の瞑想(めいそう)に自らを沈めた者」の意と解される。主として南インドで活動した吟遊詩人たちで、個々の年代は不詳。代表的人物であるナンマールワールは8世紀ごろ活動したと推定される。彼らはビシュヌ神を、叙事詩『ラーマーヤナ』の英雄ラーマ王子や、神話的人物である牧童クリシュナと同一視し、神に対する信愛と絶対的帰依の心を熱烈にうたい上げ、忘我の境地において神と合一しようとした。彼らの詩は、タミル語の詩集『ナーラーイラディビヤプラバンダム』(四千聖詩集)に収められており、「タミル語のベーダ聖典」として尊ばれている。

[松本照敬]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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