Eleutherai - Eleutherai

Japanese: エレウテライ - えれうてらい

…First, there was a festival that had been celebrated in Attic villages since ancient times, which included a procession with a giant phallus (phallus) and a free-spirited ceremony. Second, one of these village festivals, that of the village of Eleutherai, was moved to the city of Athens by the tyrant Peisistratos, and a temple was built on the southeastern foot of the Acropolis. This was called the Great Dionysia, and was celebrated with great pomp for five days every year in the month of Eraphebolion (around the end of March). From the late 6th century BC, tragedies and comedies began to be performed, and from the early 5th century BC, theaters were also built. …

From [Dionysus]

...The famous large mural in the Villa of the Mysteries in Pompeii depicts this scene. He also had a small shrine dedicated to him in Eleutherae, a small village in the northwestern part of Attica, said to be one of the oldest grape-growing areas in Greece. In the middle of the 6th century BC, this shrine was moved by Peisistratos to the southeastern foot of the Acropolis in Athens, where a tragedy contest was held at the Great Dionysia, and he was later considered the god of theater. His sacred animals were the bull, the male goat, and the leopard, and his sacred plants were the grape and the evergreen wisteria. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Eleutherai" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…第1に，古くからアッティカの村々で祝われていたものがあり，巨大な男根(ファロス)を掲げ持っての行列，無礼講的な儀式などが行われた。第2は，これら村々の祭りの一つ，エレウテライEleutherai村のものが僭主ペイシストラトスによりアテナイ市内へ移され，アクロポリス南東麓に神殿も建てられた。これは〈大ディオニュシア〉と呼ばれ，毎年エラフェボリオン月(3月末ころ)5日間にわたって盛大に祝われ，前6世紀後半から悲劇，前5世紀初頭から喜劇の競演が始められ，劇場も整備されていった。…

【ディオニュソス】より

…有名なポンペイの〈秘儀荘〉の大壁画はそのようすを描いたものである。彼はまたギリシア最古のブドウ栽培地のひとつと伝えられるアッティカ地方北西部の小村エレウテライにささやかな社を献じられていたが，この社が前6世紀の中ごろ，ペイシストラトスによってアテナイのアクロポリスの南東麓に遷座させられ，その祭礼たる大ディオニュシア祭に悲劇等の競演が行われたところから，のちに演劇の神ともされた。　彼の聖獣は牡牛，牡ヤギ，ヒョウなど，聖なる植物はブドウ，常春藤（きづた）。…

※「エレウテライ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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