MLS - Multi-Layer Game

Japanese: MLS - えむえるえす
MLS - Multi-Layer Game

Microwave landing system. Abbreviation for microwave landing system, a type of landing aid for aircraft. Currently, the landing aid most widely used around the world is the ILS (Instrument Landing System), but this system has many limitations due to the radio waves (VHF and UHF) used. For this reason, MLS, which uses microwaves, was developed as a new system that can meet the demands of future aircraft, and was adopted as the international standard by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in 1980.

MLS is a device that gives approaching aircraft information on the direction, approach angle, and distance from the runway end. It works by transmitting a sharply directional beam from the ground, scanning left and right and up and down at high speed, and measuring the time interval between the beams received by the aircraft to determine how many degrees the aircraft is off the approach path. Distance is measured by a distance measuring equipment (DME). MLS uses microwaves, so it is less affected by terrain and has less radio interference, and has higher accuracy. It also allows for the setting of multiple approach courses compared to ILS, making air traffic control (ATC) more efficient. However, it has not yet become the mainstream landing gear.

[Kyoki Aoki and Shinichiro Nakamura]

[References] | ILS | ATC | DME | Microwave | Radar
Principles of MLS
©Shogakukan ">

Principles of MLS


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

マイクロ波着陸装置。microwave landing systemの略称で、航空機の着陸援助装置の一種。現在、世界で広く使用されている着陸援助装置はILS(計器着陸装置)であるが、この方式は使用電波(VHFおよびUHF)に起因する多くの制約がある。そのため、将来の航空機の需要に対処しうる新システムとして、マイクロ波を使用したMLSが開発され、1980年に国際民間航空機関(ICAO(イカオ))の国際標準方式として採択された。

 MLSは、進入中の航空機に、滑走路末端からの方位と進入角と距離の情報を与える装置である。作動原理は、地上より鋭い指向性をもつビームを発信し、高速で左右と上下に走査し、機上で受信したビームの時間間隔を測ることにより、進入経路から何度ずれているかを知る。距離はDME(距離測定装置)によって測定する。MLSはマイクロ波を使用しているので地形などによる影響や電波干渉が少なく、精度が高くなること、ILSに比べて複数の進入コースの設定が可能であるため、航空交通管制(ATC)を効率的に行えるなどの利点があるが、着陸装置の主流となるには至っていない。

[青木享起・仲村宸一郎]

[参照項目] | ILS | ATC | DME | マイクロ波 | レーダー
MLSの原理
©Shogakukan">

MLSの原理


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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