MRA - Male and Female

Japanese: MRA - えむあーるえー
MRA - Male and Female

Angiography using MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). MR angiography is an abbreviation of magnetic resonance angiography. It is also called MR angiography or magnetic resonance angiography. Conventionally, angiography was performed by inserting a catheter into the target blood vessel and injecting iodine contrast agent. In recent years, in addition to MRA, CT angiography or CT angiography (CTA), a three-dimensional angiography (imaging) method that is less invasive and less burdensome for the subject, is becoming mainstream, as it only injects contrast agent into a vein without inserting a catheter into an artery. In MRA, a wide range of cross-sections are imaged in three dimensions, and the obtained data is graphically processed by a computer to break it down into thin cross-sections or to display them as a three-dimensional image, allowing the state of stenosis or blockage of blood vessels to be observed. There are two methods for angiography: intravenous injection of contrast agent and non-injection.

MRA is a minimally invasive imaging method that places less of a burden on subjects than CTA. In addition, MRA can image a wide area at high speed, making it possible to obtain clear images of fast moving blood vessels, such as the coronary arteries that supply oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium, which was previously difficult to obtain. The catheter method that was previously used is no longer used for diagnostic angiography due to the advancement of MRA and CTA, but is increasingly being used for therapeutic purposes, such as placing stents in narrowed areas of blood vessels and injecting anticancer drugs.

[Editorial Department, June 20, 2016]

[Reference] | MRI | CTA

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

MRI(磁気共鳴映像法)を用いた血管造影法。MRアンギオグラフィ(アンジオグラフィ)magnetic resonance angiographyの略称である。MR血管撮像法あるいは磁気共鳴血管造(撮)影ともよばれる。従前の血管造影は、カテーテルを目標の血管まで挿入し、ヨード造影剤を注入して行うカテーテル法が行われていたが、近年ではこの磁気を用いるMRAのほか、カテーテルを動脈まで挿入せずに造影剤を静脈内に注射するだけの、低侵襲で被験者の負担の少ない、CT血管造影法あるいはCTアンギオグラフィ(CTA)とよばれる三次元血管造影(撮影)法が主流となっている。MRAによる造影では広い範囲の断面を三次元撮像し、得られたデータをコンピュータでグラフィック処理して薄い断面に分解し、あるいは三次元の立体画像として表示しながら血管の狭窄(きょうさく)や閉塞(へいそく)の状態を観察する。造影にあたっては、造影剤を静脈注射して行う方法と注射しない方法がある。

 MRAはCTAに比べてもさらに被験者に負担の少ない低侵襲の造影法である。またMRAは広範囲を高速で撮像することにより、これまでむずかしかった、心筋に酸素や栄養を供給している冠状動脈など、動きの激しい血管についても鮮明な画像が得られるようになってきている。これまで行われてきたカテーテル法は、MRAやCTAの進歩により診断目的の血管造影には使われなくなってきているが、血管狭窄部へのステント留置、抗癌(がん)薬の注入といった治療目的で用いられることが多くなっている。

[編集部 2016年6月20日]

[参照項目] | MRI | CTA

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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