...This is where the prototype of the American broadcasting company was established. In the early days, radio was not subject to any national control, but in 1927, the Radio Act (with the Federal Radio Commission (FRC) as the temporary control body) was enacted to prevent interference between the numerous radio stations, and in 1934, the Federal Communications Act was enacted, establishing an independent administrative agency for regulation and supervision, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), and putting the system in place. As the central agency for broadcasting policy and administration, the FCC has the authority to issue and renew licenses (every three years), allocate frequencies, designate power, and regulate broadcasting stations based on the principles of "public interest, convenience, and necessity."... From the Radio Regulatory Commission…Kenji Tomiyasu was appointed as the first chairman, and the secretariat was placed in the Radio Regulatory Bureau (headed by the Commissioner for Radio Regulatory Affairs). It was modeled on the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States. In addition to administrative authority over radio waves, including broadcasting, it also had quasi-legislative power to enact related regulations and quasi-judicial power to hear appeals, etc. … *Some of the terminology referenced in "FCC (Communications)" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ここにアメリカ型放送企業の原型が確立される。ラジオは初期,なんら国家的統制をも受けなかったが,27年乱立した各局の混線防止をうたって無線法(暫定コントロール機関として連邦無線委員会(FRC))が成立,34年には連邦通信法ができて,規制・監督の独立行政機関〈連邦通信委員会Federal Communications Commission〉(FCC)が設置され,システムが整う。FCCは放送政策・行政の中心機関として,免許の交付と更新(3年ごと),周波数割当て,電力指定,〈公共の利益,便宜,必要〉の原則にのっとった放送局規制の権限をもつ。… 【電波監理委員会】より…初代委員長に富安謙次が就任し,事務局は電波監理総局(長は電波監理長官)に置かれた。アメリカの連邦通信委員会(FCC)がモデルとなった。放送を含む電波に関する行政権のほか,関連規則類の制定に関する準立法権,異議申立ての聴聞等に関する準司法権も備えていた。… ※「FCC(通信)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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