… From [Lighting]...Light colors include daylight, natural white, white, and incandescent, and three-wavelength emission types have been developed that are bright, refreshing, and have good color visibility. The fourth type of lighting using electricity is the HID lamp (high intensity discharge lamp), which originated with the high-pressure mercury lamp announced in the Netherlands in 1933 and was manufactured in Japan the following year (1934). However, because it emitted blue-green light, it was used for lighting parks and roads. Color-corrected fluorescent high-pressure mercury lamps were announced in the United States in 1950, and are now used on roads, in high-ceiling factories, and in gymnasiums. From [Discharge Lamp]…They are classified according to the substance and pressure of the vapor that is enclosed, and there are many types, including mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, sodium lamps, and xenon lamps. In recent years, high-pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, and high-pressure sodium lamps are collectively called HID lamps. This is an abbreviation for high intensity discharge lamp, and is translated as high-intensity discharge lamp or high-pressure discharge lamp. … From [Metal halide lamps]...The reason why luminous metals are used in the form of halides is that (1) to obtain metallic luminescence, the vapor pressure inside the discharge tube must be relatively high, but the vapor pressure is higher for halides than for the metal alone, and (2) for metals such as alkali metals that react easily with high-temperature quartz glass when used alone, the reaction can be suppressed by making them into halides. Metal halide lamps are a type of so-called HID lamps (short for high intensity discharge lamps), and are small and can produce high output. [Taro Kawase]... *Some of the terminology that refers to "HID lamps" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 【電灯】より…光色も昼光色,昼白色,白色,電球色と出そろい,明るくさわやかで色の見え方もよい3波長域発光形まで開発されている。 電気利用の第4のあかりはHIDランプ(高輝度放電ランプ)であり,その端緒は1933年,オランダで発表された高圧水銀ランプで,日本ではその翌年(1934)から製造しているが,青緑光のため,公園や道路照明に用いられた。色補正を施した蛍光高圧水銀ランプは50年にアメリカで発表され,いまや道路や高天井の工場や体育館などに賞用されている。… 【放電灯】より…封入する蒸気の物質と圧力によって分類され,水銀灯,メタルハライドランプ,ナトリウムランプ,キセノンランプなど多くの種類がある。近年,高圧水銀灯,メタルハライドランプ,高圧ナトリウムランプをまとめてHIDランプと呼ぶことがある。これはhigh intensity discharge lampの略で,高輝度放電ランプまたは高圧放電ランプと訳されている。… 【メタルハライドランプ】より…発光金属をハロゲン化物の形で用いるのは,(1)金属の発光を得るには放電管内の蒸気圧がある程度高くなければならないが,金属単体の場合よりハロゲン化物のほうが蒸気圧が高くなる,(2)アルカリ金属のように単体では高温の石英ガラスと反応しやすい金属も,ハロゲン化物にすることにより,反応を抑制できるなどの理由による。 メタルハライドランプはいわゆるHIDランプ(high intensity discharge lampの略で高輝度放電ランプと呼ばれる)の一種で,小型で高出力が得られる。【川瀬 太郎】。… ※「HID ランプ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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