Also known as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, abbreviated as EDTA. A colorless crystalline powder. When ethylenediamine and sodium chloroacetate are reacted by heating in a sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid is added, a precipitate is obtained. It is sparingly soluble in water, but soluble in 5% or more inorganic acids. It is insoluble in ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and ether. It dissolves in alkaline solutions as a tetrabasic acid, forming mono- to tetraalkali salts depending on the amount of alkali. It forms stable water-soluble chelate compounds with almost all metal ions. The chelate structures vary from those in which EDTA is coordinated to the metal as a hexadentate ligand, to those in which it is a pentadentate, tetradentate, or bidentate ligand (the abbreviation EDTA is used when it is a ligand). Its ability to form stable water-soluble chelates has a wide range of applications. (1) Removal and inactivation of harmful metals contained in rubber, vegetable oil, medicines, food, etc. (heavy metal antagonists) [Manabu Yamamoto] [References] | | | | | | | | | [Supplementary material] |EDTA coordinated to a metal as a hexadentate ligand ©Shogakukan "> Chelate structure diagram Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸ともいい、EDTAと略称される。無色の結晶性粉末。 エチレンジアミンとクロロ酢酸ナトリウムとを水酸化ナトリウム溶液中で加熱反応させ、塩酸を加えると沈殿として得られる。水には難溶であるが、5%以上の無機酸には可溶。エタノール(エチルアルコール)、エーテルには不溶。アルカリ性溶液には四塩基酸として溶け、アルカリの量に応じて一ないし四アルカリ塩を生成する。ほとんどすべての金属イオンと水溶性の安定なキレート化合物をつくる。キレートの構造はEDTAが六座配位子として金属に配位したものから、五座、四座、二座配位子となったものまで多様である(配位子のときはedtaの略号が用いられる)。水溶性の安定なキレートをつくることを利用して、広範な用途がある。 (1)ゴム、植物油、医薬、食品などに含まれる有害金属の除去、不活性化(重金属拮抗薬) [山本 学] [参照項目] | | | | | | | | | [補完資料] |EDTAが六座配位子として金属に配位したもの©Shogakukan"> キレートの構造図 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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