Superheating

Japanese: 過熱 - かねつ(英語表記)superheating
Superheating
A state in which a liquid is heated to a temperature above its boiling point without boiling. A superheated state can be easily achieved by slowly heating a liquid in a container with a smooth interior. A superheated liquid is unstable, and external shock or the introduction of foreign matter will cause it to bump and its temperature to drop to its boiling point. Bubble chambers used in nuclear physics are charged particle detectors that utilize this phenomenon. Generally, when a liquid maintains its original phase even when it is heated above the transition temperature at which a phase change should occur, it is called superheated. A superheated state is a type of metastable state, and can suddenly become a stable phase at that temperature due to shock or other factors. Steam heated to a temperature above its boiling point is also called superheated steam.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
液体が沸騰しないで沸点より高い温度まで熱せられた状態。過熱状態は,液体をなめらかな内面をもつ容器に入れ,ゆっくり熱すると容易に実現される。過熱された液体は不安定で,外部からの衝撃や異物の混入によって突沸を起し,温度が沸点まで下降する。核物理学で用いられる泡箱は,この現象を利用した荷電粒子の検出器である。一般には,相変化が起るはずの転移温度より高温になっても,もとの相のままの状態を保つことを過熱という。過熱状態は一種の準安定状態で,衝撃などによって急激にその温度における安定な相となる。また,沸点以上の温度に熱せられた蒸気を過熱蒸気ということがある。

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