Secular law in Islamic countries. The word originates from the Greek word kanon. In addition to shari'a, which is roughly equivalent to canon law in Christian societies, it is synonymous with 'āda and 'urf, which are customary laws of various regions. As Islam developed and regions with different customs and practices were included, customary laws of each region that did not strongly conflict with shari'a were preserved. Many kanuns are based on custom ('āda), but some, such as the Ottoman Qānūn Nāmeh, are established by the monarch based on his own will for the purpose of political management. In Persia, the constitution established by the Qājār dynasty in 1906 is called kanun. Qanun |
イスラム諸国の世俗法。語源はギリシア語の kanonからきた。キリスト教社会における教会法 canon lawにほぼ相当するシャリーア shari'aとは別に,諸地域の慣習法であるアーダー'āda,ウルフ'urfと同義語。イスラム教の発展に従い,風俗習慣を異にする地域が包含されると,シャリーアと強く衝突しない各地の慣習法は温存された。カーヌーンには,慣習 (アーダー) に基づいたものが多いが,なかにはオスマン朝の「カーヌーン・ナーメ」 Qānūn Nāmehのように,君主が政治運営の必要上から,自己の意思に基づいて制定したものをいうこともある。ペルシアでは,1906年カージャール Qājār朝で制定した憲法をカーヌーンと呼んでいる。
カーヌーン
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<<: Qānūngo (English spelling)
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