A god in Hindu mythology. Originally the name of a special plant, the sacred wine made from this plant was also called Soma, and was the main offering in Vedic rituals. As rituals using Soma wine became more popular, Soma was deified and many hymns dedicated to him were written. In particular, the ninth volume of the Rig-Veda is entirely devoted to Soma. The effects of Soma wine are exaggerated and praised, and it is said that gods, humans, and ancestors drink it and gain spiritual power, immortality, and courage. In particular, Soma repeatedly begs Indra to drink it. It is said that Soma originated as a sacred hawk that brought Soma, which was secretly kept in the heavens, to this world for Indra. In the Brahmanas and subsequent myths, Soma came to be identified with the moon god Chandra. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
インド神話の神。もとは特殊な植物の名であったものが,さらにこの植物から造った神酒もソーマと呼ばれ,ベーダ祭祀の最も主要な供物であった。やがて,このソーマ酒を供える祭祀が盛んに行われるにつれて,ソーマは神格化されていき,ソーマ神に捧げる賛歌も多数作られた。特に『リグ・ベーダ』第9巻は,すべてソーマ神への賛歌で占められている。ソーマ酒の効果は誇張して賛美され,神,人,祖霊ともに愛飲し,霊力,不死力,勇気を得られるという。特にインドラ神に対しては,ソーマ酒を飲用してくれることを繰返し懇願している。ソーマの起源については,天界に秘蔵されていたソーマを神鷹がインドラ神のためにこの世にもたらしたものという。またソーマは,ブラーフマナおよびそれ以後の神話では月の神チャンドラと同一視されるようになった。
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