Umeda Unpin

A samurai of the Obama domain in Wakasa (Fukui Prefecture), his name was Yoshitada, later Sadaakira. He was commonly known as Genjiro, and his pen name was Unba. He was born as the second son of Yabe, a samurai of the Obama domain, and later inherited the Umeda family name from his grandfather. He studied Kimonology under Yamaguchi Kanzan in Edo, a school of pro-imperial learning. He returned to the domain and went to Otsu, then Kyoto, where he became the head of the Kimonology school, Bounanken, where he developed ties with such patriots as Yanagawa Seigan and Rai Mikisaburo. In 1852 (Kaei 5), he proposed reforms to the Obama domain's government, and was struck off the samurai register. When Perry arrived in Edo, he discussed countermeasures with Yoshida Shoin and others, and also campaigned in Mito. He also organized local samurai in Totsukawa, Yamato, and arranged for the repulsion of Russian warships that appeared in Osaka Bay, and for local samurai to be appointed as the guardians of Kyoto. In 1856 (Ansei 3), he campaigned in the Choshu domain, and acted as an intermediary for trade between the domain and Kyoto, Nara, and Totsukawa. He was also involved in the issuance of the secret imperial decree of Bogo, but when it was to be handed down, he notified the Mito domain in advance, and he was always at the center of the Sonno Joi movement. For this reason, he was the first to be arrested during the Ansei Purge, and died in prison in Edo.

[Katsuo Inoue]

"Umeda Unpin's Manuscripts and Biography" by Saeki Nakazo (1929, Yuhodo) " "Japanese Historical Documents Association, ed. "Continuation of the Japanese Historical Documents Association Series: Umeda Unpin Related Historical Documents" (1976, University of Tokyo Press)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

若狭(わかさ)（福井県）小浜(おばま)藩士、名は義質(よしただ)、のち定明(さだあきら)。通称源次郎。雲浜は号。小浜藩士矢部氏の次男に生まれ、のち祖父の生家梅田氏を継いだ。崎門(きもん)学を尊王の学風ある江戸の山口菅山(かんざん)に学んだ。帰藩して大津、ついで京都に赴き、崎門の学塾望楠軒(ぼうなんけん)講主となり、梁川星巌(やながわせいがん)や頼三樹三郎(らいみきさぶろう)ら志士と交際を深め、1852年（嘉永5）小浜藩に藩政改革の建言をして士籍を削られた。ペリー来航には、江戸で吉田松陰(しょういん)らと対策を論じ、水戸へも遊説した。また大和(やまと)十津川(とつかわ)の郷士を組織し、大坂湾に現れたロシア軍艦の撃攘(げきじょう)や、京都の守護に郷士を任ずる周旋をした。1856年（安政3）に長州藩に遊説して、同藩と京都、奈良、十津川間の物産交易の仲介をした。戊午(ぼご)の密勅にも彼の働きかけがあったが、密勅降下の際には、あらかじめ水戸藩に内報するなど、つねに尊王攘夷運動の中心に位置した。このために安政(あんせい)の大獄で最初に捕らえられ、江戸で獄死した。

［井上勝生］

『佐伯仲蔵著『梅田雲浜遺稿並傳』（1929・有朋堂）』▽『日本史籍協会編『続日本史籍協会叢書　梅田雲浜関係史料』（1976・東京大学出版会）』

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