Perennial light difference - Einenkoukousa

Japanese: 永年光行差 - えいねんこうこうさ
Perennial light difference - Einenkoukousa

...This amount is small at star rise and star set, and is maximum at noon. If the declination of the celestial body is δ, then the time of noon for any star is delayed by 0.021・cosφ・secδ seconds due to aberration. The aberration due to the motion of the Sun (speed 20 km/s) relative to nearby star systems is called secular aberration, but this type of correction is not made in observations. For celestial bodies in the solar system, the motion of planets and comets is known, and the correction value for the movement during the time from when light leaves the celestial body to when it reaches the Earth is used as the planetary aberration to determine the simultaneity of position, but in practice, we assume the uniformity of the Earth's motion over a small period of time, and calculate the orbit by pulling back the observation time by the time the light has elapsed from the celestial body to the Earth (light difference). ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "perennial optical aberration" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…この量は星の出,星の入りのときに小さく,南中時に最大になり,天体の赤緯をδとすると,光行差により南中時刻はどの星も0.021・cosφ・secδ秒だけおくれる勘定になる。 近傍恒星系に対する太陽運動(速度20km/s)による光行差を永年光行差というが,観測的にはこの種の補正は行わない。太陽系内の天体の場合,惑星,すい星の運動がわかっていて,光が天体を出発してから地球に到達するまでの時間内の動きの補正値を惑星光行差として位置の同時性を確定するが,実用的には微小時間内での地球運動の一様性を仮定し,天体から地球までの光の経過時間(光差)だけ観測時刻を引き戻して軌道計算を行っている。…

※「永年光行差」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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