...(1) The theory that normal respiratory rhythm is generated in the medulla oblongata. There are two theories about the location of the mechanism in the medulla: (a) the medullary reticular formation, and (b) a localized area in the dorsal and ventral parts of the medulla oblongata. (2) The gasping type rhythm (respiratory movement consisting of short inhalations and exhalations that appear periodically with long pauses) generated in the medulla oblongata is the basic rhythm, which becomes normal respiratory type by descending influence from the pons. (3) The theory that a rhythm formation mechanism exists in both the pons and the medulla oblongata. It states that there is a sustained inspiratory center or inspiratory center with the property of continuing inspiratory excitation from the pons to the medulla oblongata, and that this excitation is periodically suppressed by the inhibitory action via the respiratory control center in the upper pons or the pulmonary vagus nerve afferent via the expiratory center in the medulla oblongata, creating a normal respiratory rhythm. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "gasping" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…(1)延髄で正常呼吸リズムがつくられるとする説で,延髄内の機構の所在については,(a)延髄網様体,(b)延髄の背側部と腹側部のそれぞれ限局した部位とする2通りの考え方がある。(2)延髄でつくられるあえぎgasping型(短い吸息と呼息からなる呼吸運動が長い休止期をおいて周期的に現れる呼吸型)のリズムが基本となって,これが橋からの下行性影響をうけて正常呼吸型となる。(3)橋と延髄の両部位にかけてリズム形成機構が存在すると考える説で,橋から延髄にかけて持続した吸息性興奮を続ける性質をもつ持続性吸息中枢または吸息中枢があり,この興奮が橋上部の呼吸調節中枢または肺迷走神経求心路から延髄の呼息中枢を経由する抑制作用によって周期的に抑制されて正常呼吸型リズムがつくられるという。… ※「gasping」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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