Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

Japanese: 映画芸術科学アカデミー - えいがげいじゅつかがくあかでみー
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

…American movies flourished rapidly in place of European movies, which had declined due to the effects of World War I. Around 1925, however, Hollywood was criticized by society as a city of crime and scandal, and was often viewed as an enemy by the church. In 1927, 36 influential people in the film industry met to establish the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, a non-profit organization, with the goal of improving and developing movies. At the suggestion of Louis B. Mayer, the Academy Awards were established to contribute to improving the quality of movies. The gold-plated bronze statue (plaster during World War II) created by sculptor George Stanley based on a sketch by art director Cedric Gibbons was officially named Oscar in 1931. The award ceremony, which began in 1929, was broadcast live on radio from 1930, and in 1931, the vice president from Washington read a message from President Hoover, attracting the attention of the entire nation. It became one of Hollywood's annual events, and the Oscar became the most coveted award in the film industry. …

*Some of the terms mentioned in the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…アメリカ映画は第1次世界大戦の影響で衰退したヨーロッパ映画に代わって急速に興隆したが,1925年ごろハリウッドが罪悪とスキャンダルの都として社会の非難を浴び,しばしば教会からも敵視された。面目を一新する必要に迫られた映画界は,27年に36人の実力者たちが協議し,映画の向上と発展を目標に掲げて非営利組織である〈映画芸術科学アカデミー〉を設立し,ルイス・B.メイヤーの提唱で映画の質的向上に寄与するためアカデミー賞を制定した。美術監督セドリック・ギボンズのスケッチをもとにジョージ・スタンリーという彫刻家が作製した金めっきのブロンズ像(第2次世界大戦中はセッコウ)は,31年に正式にオスカーと命名され,1929年に始まった授与式は30年からラジオで実況放送され,31年にはフーバー大統領のメッセージをワシントンからやってきた副大統領が代読して全米の注目を集め,ハリウッドの年中行事の一つになり,オスカーは映画界でもっとも渇望される賞となった。…

※「映画芸術科学アカデミー」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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