Kanahebi - True lizard

Japanese: カナヘビ - かなへび(英語表記)true lizard
Kanahebi - True lizard

In a broad sense, it is a general term for lizards belonging to the family Lacertidae in the order Squamata of the class Reptilia, and in a narrow sense, it refers specifically to the group of lizards in the genus Takydromus and the genus Lacerta . The Japanese name for kanahabi means "metallic-colored snake."

The Japanese grass lizard, T. tachydromoides , is found throughout Japan from Hokkaido to Kyushu and is commonly seen in gardens. It is a species with the typical form of a grass lizard, with a brown, slender body and a total length of 22 cm, with a tail that is about two-thirds that length. Its body scales are raised and lack the luster of the Japanese grass lizard, and its tail is not blue. It lives in grasslands, banks, and around bushes in plains and low mountains, laying eggs two or three times from spring to summer, with an average of four eggs each time, and breeds well in captivity. Its food consists of insects, spiders, earthworms, etc. Two species of grass lizards are found in the Ryukyu Islands: the beautiful green-colored green grass lizard T. smaragdinus (22 cm long) and the closely related grass lizard A. dorsalis (30 cm long). The Amur grass lizard T. amurensis , found around the Amur River and on the Korean Peninsula, was recently discovered in Tsushima. The common grass lizard L. vivipara , also found in northern Hokkaido, is ovoviviparous, 18 cm long, and has a wide habitat, found from Siberia to central Europe, as far as the 3,000-meter region of the Alps and the Arctic Circle of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The European common grass lizards include large species, such as the ovoid grass lizard L. lepida , which can reach 80 cm long, and the green grass lizard L. viridis , which can reach 45 cm long. The closely related wall lizard genus Podarcis is around 20cm long and has many beautiful species, including the Iberian wall lizard P. hispanica . The family Lacertidae has a total of about 20 genera and 180 species, distributed throughout most of Europe, Africa and Asia, and has no dermal plates on its body scales except for the head.

[Takahiro Matsui]

Major types of lizards (1) [specimen illustrations]
©Takahiro Matsui ">

Major types of lizards (1) [specimen illustrations]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

広義には爬虫(はちゅう)綱有鱗目(ゆうりんもく)カナヘビ科に属するトカゲの総称で、狭義にはそのうちとくにカナヘビ属Takydromus、コモチカナヘビ属Lacertaなどに含まれるグループをさす。カナヘビの和名は「かな(金属)色をしたヘビ」を意味する。

 北海道から九州まで各地に分布し、庭先でも普通にみられるニホンカナヘビT. tachydromoidesは、カナヘビの典型的形態をした種で、全身が褐色で細長く、全長22センチメートル、尾はその3分の2ほどである。体鱗には隆起があってニホントカゲのような光沢がなく、尾もあ青くない。平地から低山地の草地、堤、やぶの周辺などにすみ、春から夏に2、3回産卵し、1回に平均4個ほどを産み、飼育下でもよく繁殖する。餌(えさ)は昆虫、クモ、ミミズなどである。南西諸島には体色が美しい緑色のアオカナヘビT. smaragdinus(全長22センチメートル)と、カナヘビ属に近縁なサキシマカナヘビ属ApeltonotusのサキシマカナヘビA. dorsalis(全長30センチメートル)の2種が分布し、対馬(つしま)では、アムール川周辺から朝鮮半島に分布するアムールカナヘビT. amurensisの生息が最近になって判明した。北海道北部でも生息が確認されたコモチカナヘビL. viviparaは、卵胎生で全長18センチメートル、生息域の広い種で、シベリアからヨーロッパ中部にかけて分布し、アルプスの3000メートル地域やスカンジナビア半島の北極圏付近までも及ぶ。ヨーロッパ産のコモチカナヘビ属には大形種が含まれ、ホウセキカナヘビL. lepidaが全長80センチメートル、ミドリカナヘビL. viridisが45センチメートルに達する。また近縁のカベカナヘビ属Podarcisは全長20センチメートル前後、イベリアカベカナヘビP. hispanicaをはじめ美しい種が多い。カナヘビ科Lacertidaeは全部で約20属180種がヨーロッパ、アフリカ、アジアの大部分に分布し、頭部以外の体鱗には皮骨板がない。

[松井孝爾]

トカゲのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕
©松井孝爾">

トカゲのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕


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