Top-up regulation - Uwanosekisei

Japanese: 上乗せ規制 - うわのせきせい
Top-up regulation - Uwanosekisei

...After World War II, with the economic recovery, pollution began to attract attention as a social problem. As a result, local governments began to enact ordinances to prevent pollution, reflecting the voices of citizens who demanded the regulation of pollution. In 1949, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government enacted an ordinance to prevent factory pollution, followed by similar ordinances in Osaka and Kanagawa prefectures. These pollution prevention ordinances were enacted at a time when the national legal system had not yet been established, and the scope of the regulations became an important point of contention. Ordinances are normally permitted to be enacted only within the scope of Article 94 of the Constitution and Article 14 of the Local Autonomy Law, which state that such provisions are "within the scope of the law," but the special nature of pollution regulation made this scope an issue. ...

*Some of the terminology used in relation to "surcharge regulations" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…第2次大戦後,経済の復興にともない,公害が社会的問題として注目を集めるようになった。そこで,地方公共団体は,公害の規制を要求する市民の声を反映して,公害防止に関する条例を制定するようになった。1949年には東京都の工場公害防止条例が制定され,その後大阪府,神奈川県に同様な条例が制定された。これら公害防止条例は,国の法律制度が整備されていない時期に制定されたため,その規制の範囲が重要な争点となった。本来,条例は,憲法94条,地方自治法14条で〈法律の範囲内で〉等と表現されている範囲内においてのみ,その制定が認められるのであるが,公害規制という特殊性からこの範囲が問題となった。…

※「上乗せ規制」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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