Royal Tombs of Ur

...The largest pyramid, which is the burial site of King Khufu of the 4th Dynasty, has three small pyramids for his queen to the east, and numerous mastabas for high-ranking officials to the south and west, but it is difficult to determine whether their deaths were martyrdom or not. In Mesopotamia, the burial of the dead in the royal tombs of Ur is famous, and in Tomb 789, which had been ransacked, a total of 63 bodies were excavated from the burial pit, including six armed soldiers, 24 men, and 33 women. In Tomb 1054, which has a different burial method, four attendants were present in the tomb, and during the burial process, layers of burial offerings were added to the soil, and some sacrifices consisted of only skulls.

*Some of the terminology used to refer to the "Royal Tombs of Ur" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…第4王朝のクフ王を葬る最大のピラミッドは，東に王妃を葬った小ピラミッドが3基並び，高官を葬った多数のマスタバが南と西に配列されているが，彼らの死が殉死であるか否かを決めることはむずかしい。メソポタミアではウルの王墓の殉葬が有名で，墓室内が荒らされていた789号墓では墓壙内から武装兵士6，男24，女33，合計63体が出土した。埋葬法の違う1054号墓では，墓室内で4人の従者を従え，墓壙を埋める過程で殉葬と供物を交える埋土が層をなして繰り返されており，なかには頭骨だけの犠牲も認められた。…

※「ウルの王墓」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報