Born 1617. Somerset, Alderman Died June 26, 1688. Cambridge. A leading philosopher of the Cambridge Platonist school in England. He studied at Cambridge University, where he was a professor from 1645. In 1654, he became principal of Christ's College. He stood for mystical-rational Platonism, refuting the materialistic atheism represented by Hobbes and Spinoza, defending God's eternal intelligence, and confirming human free will against determinism. In his theory of ethics, he believed that goodness results from rational humans following God's will. His major works include The True Intellectual System of the Universe (1678) and "A Treatise concerning Eternal and Immutable Morality" (1731). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1617. サマセット,アラー [没]1688.6.26. ケンブリッジ イギリスのケンブリッジ・プラトン学派の指導的哲学者 (→ケンブリッジ・プラトニスト ) 。ケンブリッジ大学に学び,1645年以降同大学教授。 54年にはクライスト・カレッジの校長となる。神秘的理性的なプラトン主義に立ち,ホッブズやスピノザに代表される唯物的無神論を論駁,神の永遠なる知性を擁護し,決定論に対しては人間の自由意志を確証。また倫理説においては,善は理性的存在たる人間が神の意志に従うことによるものと考えた。主著『宇宙の真の知的体系』 The True Intellectual System of the Universe (1678) ,"A Treatise concerning Eternal and Immutable Morality" (1731) など。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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