Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language

Japanese: 《ウェブスター新国際英語辞典》 - うぇぶすたーしんこくさいえいごじてん
Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language

…Webster's status was not shaken by the appearance of the large dictionaries published one after another at the end of the 19th century, such as the Century Dictionary (6 volumes, 1889-91, revised edition 12 volumes, 1911) edited by linguist W.D. Whitney and the Dictionary of Standard English (2 volumes, 1893-94, revised edition 1913) edited by Isaac Kauffman Funk (1839-1912). Its new edition, Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language (1909, 2nd edition 1939, 3rd edition 1961), remains the most authoritative dictionary in America. The third edition of Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language, published in 1961, was based on the theory of structural linguistics and accepted a number of idioms that had previously been considered misused, from the standpoint of descriptive theory that "dictionaries should describe the reality of language as it is, and not provide norms." …

From [Spelling]

…(3) The authoritative standard is in the form of a dictionary. In England, S. Johnson's dictionary (The Dictionary of the English Language, 1755), in Germany, Duden's dictionary (Der grosse Duden: Rechtschreibung der deutschen Sprache und der Fremdwörter, 1934), and in America, N. Webster's dictionary (Webster's New International Dictionary of American Language, 2nd edition, 1934) became the authoritative standard for spelling unification. The ideal orthography is one-to-one correspondence between sounds and letters, but in real orthography, this correspondence is usually broken. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Webster's New International Dictionary of the English Language" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ウェブスター辞典の地位は,19世紀末相次いで刊行された大辞典,言語学者W.D.ホイットニー編《センチュリー辞典》6巻(1889‐91。改訂版12巻,1911)やファンクIsaac Kauffman Funk(1839‐1912)編《標準英語辞典》2巻(1893‐94,改訂版1913)等の出現によっても揺るがず,その新版《ウェブスター新国際英語辞典》(1909,第2版1939,第3版1961)はアメリカにおいて最も権威ある大辞典の座を独占している。 上記1961年出版の《ウェブスター新国際英語辞典》第3版は構造言語学の理論を背景とし,〈辞書は言語の現実をありのままに記述すべきで,規範を与えるべきものではない〉という記述主義の立場から,従来誤用とされていた語法を少なからず容認した。…

【正書法】より

…(3)権威のある規範が辞書の形になっていること。イギリスでは,S.ジョンソンの辞書(《英語辞典The Dictionary of the English Language》1755)が,ドイツでは,ドゥーデンの辞書(《大ドゥーデンDer grosse Duden:Rechtschreibung der deutschen Sprache und der Fremdwörter》1934)が,アメリカでは,N.ウェブスターの辞書(《ウェブスター新国際英語辞典Webster’s New International Dictionary of American Language》第2版,1934)がつづり字統一の権威ある規範となった。 正書法の理想は,音と字との間に1対1の対応関係があることであるが,現実の正書法ではこの対応関係がくずれているのが普通である。…

※「《ウェブスター新国際英語辞典》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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