GATT: An agreement on waivers granted as exceptions under Article 25, Clause 5 of the GATT. By a majority vote of more than two-thirds of member countries, a specific product is exempt from the obligation to abolish import quantitative restrictions set out in the GATT for a certain period of time, and import restrictions are permitted. The United States obtained this waiver in 1955, largely due to the political and economic power of the United States after World War II. The products covered by the waiver included 14 items, including dairy products and peanuts, but were abandoned due to the agricultural agreement of the Uruguay Round. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ガット GATT第 25条5項で特例として認められている義務免除 (ウェーバー) の協定のこと。加盟国3分の2以上の多数決によって,対象となる特定の産品について一定期間,ガットで定められている輸入数量制限廃止の義務が免除され,輸入制限措置が認められるというもの。アメリカはこのウェーバーを 1955年に取得したが,これは第2次世界大戦後のアメリカの政治的,経済的な力によるところが大きい。その対象品目は酪農品,ピーナッツなど 14品目にわたっていたが,ウルグアイ・ラウンドの農業合意により放棄されることになった。
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