Active folding

Japanese: 活褶曲 - かつしゅうきょく
Active folding

A fold that is still growing in the strata. Its existence is inferred from the fact that river and coastal terrace surfaces, which were originally nearly horizontal and flat, are wavy, and that this wavy curvature is in harmony with the wavy curvature of the bedding surface of the strata below the terrace surface. In principle, it should be possible to confirm whether such wavy curvature is currently active by measuring the permanent changes in the leveling points on the wavy surface. Such measurements have been carried out in several regions, but leveling changes observed over a period of several decades are not necessarily in harmony with the wavy curvature of the terrace surface. It is presumed that systematic wavy curvatures will only become apparent when leveling changes are captured over a period of at least thousands or tens of thousands of years.

In Japan, several examples have been found in the Neogene and Quaternary distribution areas of the Cenozoic formations in Akita, Yamagata, Niigata, etc. Since geologist Otsuka Yanosuke proposed the concept in 1941 (Showa 16), research on active folding has been more active in Japan than anywhere else in the world.

[Yoshida Shigeo]

[Reference] | Yanosuke Otsuka | Fold

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

地層中で現在も成長しつつある褶曲(しゅうきょく)。本来ほぼ水平平坦(へいたん)であった河岸段丘面や海岸段丘面が波曲していること、およびその波曲と、段丘面下の地層の層理面の波曲が調和的であることから、その存在が推定されている。原理的には、そのような波曲面上の水準点の永続的変動を測量することによって、その波曲が現在活動中であるかどうかを確認できるはずである。これまでいくつかの地域でそのような測量が実施されているが、数十年という程度の期間で認められる水準変動はかならずしも段丘面の波曲に調和的でない。少なくとも何千年とか何万年の単位で水準変動をとらえて、初めて系統的波曲が現れるものと推定される。

 日本では、秋田、山形、新潟などの新生界新第三系および第四系分布域で数例認められている。地質学者の大塚弥之助(やのすけ)が1941年(昭和16)に提唱して以来、活褶曲の研究は世界中で日本がもっとも盛んである。

[吉田鎮男]

[参照項目] | 大塚弥之助 | 褶曲

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