To be precise, it is an act for "preserving and developing Indian lands and resources, expanding the authority of Indians to maintain their industries, establishing a credit system for Indians, recognizing the rights of Indian self-governance, providing vocational education for Indians, and for other purposes." It changed the United States' past land allocation policy for Indians, sought to promote tribal organizations, and reaffirmed the importance of Indian community life. It is one of the most important laws in the United States' Indian policy. It was enacted on June 18, 1934, and although there were difficult circumstances such as the effects of World War II, it is said that more than three-quarters of all Indian tribes came under the effect of this act. [Ueda Denmei] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
正確には「インディアンの土地と資源の保持・発展、インディアンの実業維持の権限拡大、インディアンのための融資制度の確立、インディアンの自治の諸権利の承認、インディアンのための職業教育の提供、およびその他の目的を定める法」という。アメリカ合衆国の過去のインディアンに対する土地の割当て政策を変更し、部族組織を促進させようとするものであり、インディアンの共同体の生活の重要性を改めて承認したもの。合衆国のインディアン政策のなかでもっとも重要な法律の一つである。1934年6月18日に制定され、第二次世界大戦の影響など困難な状況もあったが、すべてのインディアン部族の4分の3以上が、同法の効力下に置かれたといわれる。 [上田伝明] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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