Memento division - Katamiwake

Japanese: 形見分け - かたみわけ
Memento division - Katamiwake

The distribution of the dead's clothing and possessions to close relatives. It is also written as katamiwake. The date is not fixed, but it is often held on the 35th or 49th day after the end of mourning. Today, memento sharing is simply the division of inheritance or the distribution of memorial items to commemorate the deceased, but in the past, it was an act to inherit or to "remember" the spirit of the dead, and therefore clothing that was thought to be easily retained by the spirit was often used. In Oita Prefecture and parts of Ehime Prefecture, memento sharing is called "sodewake" because it is believed that the sleeves in particular have meaning. Other names such as "akatsuki" (dirty), "tesoushi" (dirty hands), and "susowake" (hems) come from the distribution of the clothes that the dead wore directly on their skin, and the "shobuwake" family of expressions that are common in the Chubu region and western Japan is a variation of the Edo period word "shomuwake." Given the original intent, it is considered good etiquette not to share with superiors unless they specifically request it.

[Shoji Inoguchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

死者生前の衣類や持ち物を近親などに分与すること。片見分けとも書く。期日は一定しないが、三十五日目や四十九日(しじゅうくにち)目など、忌明けの機会にすることが多い。形見分けは、今日では単なる遺産分割、あるいは故人をしのぶための記念物の配分にすぎないが、以前は死者の霊魂を継承するため、もしくは「あやかる」ための行為で、それゆえに霊魂のこもりやすいと考えられた衣類を用いることが多かった。ことに袖(そで)の部分に意味があるという考えから、大分県や愛媛県の一部では、形見分けを「袖分け」という。「垢(あか)つき」「お手汚し」「裾(すそ)分け」などというのも、死者が直接肌(はだ)につけていた衣類を分配したところからの名称であり、中部地方から西日本にかけて多い「しょうぶわけ」系統の言い方は、江戸時代語の「所務(しょむ)分け」の変化である。本来の趣旨からいって、特別の希望のない限り、目上の人には分けないのが礼儀である。

[井之口章次]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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