General waste - General waste

Japanese: 一般廃棄物 - いっぱんはいきぶつ
General waste - General waste
This term is used in the Waste Disposal and Cleaning Law (Waste Disposal Law) enacted in 1970 to refer to waste other than industrial waste. It includes not only household garbage and bulky garbage, but also feces and urine. In addition, waste from places other than households, such as shops, restaurants, offices, and schools, is also considered general waste, except for those designated as industrial waste, and is called general business waste. The Waste Disposal Law requires municipalities to collect and dispose of waste so as not to impede the conservation of the living environment. Most waste is disposed of by incineration or landfilling, but due to an increase in difficult-to-dispose waste such as polymer compounds and non-combustible materials, and a lack of landfill sites for final disposal, disputes over waste disposal have arisen in various places, and efforts are being made to find effective ways to reuse resources and reduce the amount of waste (→ recycling). In principle, general business waste is to be disposed of by the owner, so the disposal is entrusted to a licensed waste disposal company for a fee.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
1970年制定の「廃棄物の処理及び清掃に関する法律」(廃棄物処理法)の用語で,産業廃棄物以外の廃棄物をいう。家庭から出るごみや粗大ごみ以外に,糞尿も含まれる。また商店や飲食店,オフィス,学校など,家庭以外から出る廃棄物も,産業廃棄物として指定されたもの以外は一般廃棄物とされ,事業系一般廃棄物と呼ばれる。廃棄物処理法は,生活環境の保全に支障がないように収集処理することを市町村に義務づけている。ごみ処理方法は焼却および埋め立てが大部分であるが,高分子化合物や不燃物など処理困難な廃棄物が増加し,加えて最終処分のための埋立地の不足から,各地でごみ処理をめぐる紛争が発生しており,有効利用の方法を見つけて処分量を減らすいわゆる資源の再利用(→リサイクル)がはかられている。なお事業系一般廃棄物は原則として自分で処理することとされているため,許可を受けた処理業者に有料で処理を委託する方法をとっている。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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