Isoniazid - isoniazid

Japanese: イソニアジド - いそにあじど(英語表記)isoniazid
Isoniazid - isoniazid

It is an abbreviation of the chemical name isoniazid, and is also called INAH or INH. It is a colorless crystal or a white crystalline powder, and is odorless. It has a slightly bitter taste. It was synthesized as a chemical in 1898, and its effectiveness against tuberculosis bacteria was announced in 1952. It is one of the most powerful antituberculous drugs, and its combination with para-aminosalicylic acid (PASA) and streptomycin was the typical treatment for tuberculosis. Of these three, isoniazid was the least likely to cause resistance, but resistance has now emerged and its use is gradually decreasing. It is available in powder and tablets, and is mainly taken orally, but since it dissolves easily in water, it can also be injected. The usual dose is 0.2 to 0.5 grams per day.

[Fumiji Koho]

[Reference item] | Tuberculosis | Resistant bacteria

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

化学名イソニコチン酸ヒドラジドisonicotinic acid hydrazideの略称で、その頭文字をとってINAH(アイナー)またはINHともいう。無色の結晶または白色の結晶性粉末で、無臭。わずかに苦味を有する。1898年に化学物質として合成され、1952年に結核菌に対して有効なことが発表された。抗結核剤のうち作用のもっとも強力なものの一つで、パス(パラアミノサリチル酸)、ストレプトマイシンとの三者併用が結核の代表的治療法であった。この三者のうちイソニアジドに耐性菌ができにくかったが、現在では耐性菌が発現し、使用量は徐々に減ってきている。粉末、錠剤があり、おもに内服で用いられるが、水に溶けやすいため注射薬もある。常用量は1日0.2~0.5グラム。

[幸保文治]

[参照項目] | 結核 | 耐性菌

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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