A volcanic island in the northernmost part of the Izu Islands. The cocoon-shaped caldera was formed during eruptions in the 5th and 7th centuries, and Mt. Mihara in the southwest was formed during the An'ei eruption (1777-79). After the caldera was formed, large-scale eruptions occurred at intervals of about 100 years, and in the 20th century, medium-scale eruptions occurred in 1912-14, 1950-1951, and 1986. Basaltic lava erupted from the summit crater of Mt. Mihara from November 15 to 19, 1986, and lava and scoria erupted violently from a fissure in the northwest direction from the summit on the 21st. At this time, eruptions also occurred outside the caldera, so all the islanders temporarily evacuated off the island. Expansion, which is interpreted as the accumulation of magma, has begun underground in the northwest part of the volcano, and considering the intervals between eruptions in recent years, it is time to prepare for the next eruption. (Yoshiaki Ida, Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo / 2007) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
伊豆諸島最北部の火山島。まゆ型のカルデラは5世紀と7世紀の噴火で、その南西部の三原山は安永の噴火(1777〜79年)でできたとされる。カルデラ形成後は100年程度の間隔で大規模な噴火を繰り返し、20世紀には1912〜14年、50〜51年、86年に中規模の噴火をした。86年11月15〜19日に三原山山頂火口から玄武岩質の溶岩が噴出し、同21日には山頂から北西方向に生じた割れ目から、溶岩やスコリアが激しく噴出した。この時カルデラの外でも噴出が起きたことから、全島民が一時島外に避難した。火山の北西部の地下でマグマの蓄積によると解釈される膨張が始まっており、近年の噴火の間隔からみても、次の噴火に向けて準備が必要な時期に入っている。
(井田喜明 東京大学名誉教授 / 2007年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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