...One is the variation that occurs even when the same work is performed according to a standard, which is something that cannot be controlled by current technology or standards among the infinite number of scientific causes, and is called a chance cause or unavoidable cause. The other is when something abnormal occurs in the process, for example, when standards are not followed or are inadequate, which causes particularly large variations, and is called an abnormal cause or an assignable cause. Variation in product quality caused only by chance causes shows a stable statistical distribution, and the state of such a process is said to be in a controlled state. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "cause of abnormality" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…その一つは標準に従って同じ作業を行っているにもかかわらず発生するばらつきで,これは科学的に無限にある原因の中で,現在の技術,標準で押さえ切れないもので,偶然原因chance causeとか不可避的原因といわれる。他の一つは工程に何か異常が起こって,たとえば標準が守られなかったり標準が不備であるために,とくに大きなばらつきを与える原因で異常原因とか突きとめうる原因assignable causeなどと呼ばれる。偶然原因のみによっておこる製品品質のばらつきは,安定した統計的分布を示し,このような工程の状態を管理状態という。… ※「異常原因」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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