...When such calculations are performed for a standard structure and the relationship between the travel time and distance of P and S waves traveling through various paths is compiled into a table, it is called the standard travel time table and is used to determine the epicenter. The standard travel time table published by H. Jeffreys and Bren Ke Bullen in 1940 is particularly famous, and the International Seismological Centre still uses this table to determine the epicenter. The Japan Meteorological Agency uses this travel time table with the results of artificial earthquakes taken into account, but the observatories of each university and research institute use their own travel time table to determine the epicenter. ... From the continental drift theory… The driving force behind continental drift was thought to be the "repulsive force" (the force that moves continents away from the poles) based on the centrifugal force of the Earth's rotation, and the "tidal force" (the force that causes continents to move westward), but this idea was refuted by many physicists. British astronomer and geophysicist Harold Jeffreys (1891-1989) was one of the strongest opponents of the continental drift theory. Strong evidence for the continental drift theory was provided by paleomagnetism from the early 1950s. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Jeffreys, H." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ある標準的な構造についてこのような計算をし,さまざまな経路を伝わるP波やS波の走時と距離の関係を表にしたものは標準走時表などと呼ばれ,震源決定に使われる。ジェフリーズH.JeffreysとブレンK.E.Bullenが1940年に発表した標準走時表は特に有名で,国際地震センターInternational Seismological Centreでは,今でもこの表により震源を決定している。日本の気象庁では,この走時表に人工地震の結果を加味したものを使っているが,各大学や研究機関の観測所では,それぞれ独自の走時表により震源を決定している。… 【大陸移動説】より… 大陸移動をひき起こす原動力については,地球回転の遠心力にもとづく〈避極力〉(大陸を両極から遠ざける力)と〈潮汐力〉(大陸に西方移動を起こさせる力)が考えられたが,多くの物理学者の反論をあびた。イギリスの天文・地球物理学者ジェフリーズHarold Jeffreys(1891‐1989)は大陸移動説に対する強力な反対者の一人であった。 大陸移動説に対する有力な証拠は1950年代初めころから古地磁気学によってもたらされた。… ※「Jeffreys,H.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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