A fossil bird that lived in North America during the Late Cretaceous period. It was about 35 cm long, had a large, well-developed sternum, and had muscles for flight, making it the oldest bird that is thought to have been able to fly actively and skillfully. It probably lived on the seashore and searched for food there. In Greek, "ichthy" means fish, and "ornis" means bird. Ichthyornis seems to have had no teeth. Like modern gulls and terns, it probably lived in large groups and lived together, flying over the sea in search of fish. Most of the orders of modern birds existed in the Cretaceous period. Ichthyornis is thought to be close to snipes and gulls. Ichthyornis' brain was much more developed than that of the contemporary bird Hesperornis, but it was smaller than modern birds. Its vertebrae are similar to those of primitive reptiles. Its legs were quite strong, with relatively long front fingers and small rear fingers. Its feet probably had webbed feet. Six species of the genus Ichthyornis have been described, and their localities have been reported from states such as Wyoming, Kansas, and Texas in the United States. Fossils thought to be the forelimbs of a relative of Ichthyornis have also been discovered in marine deposits in Hokkaido. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
白亜紀後期の北アメリカに生息していた化石鳥類。体長約 35cmで,胸骨が大きくよく発達し,飛行するための筋肉がついており,上手に活動的に空を飛んだと思われる最古の鳥。おそらく海辺にすみ,そこで餌を捜したものと思われる。ギリシア語で,イクチは魚,オルニスは鳥という意味である。イクチオルニスには歯がなかったらしい。ちょうど現在のカモメやアジサシのように,大きな群れをつくって共同生活し,海上を舞って魚を求めたのであろう。現生の鳥類の目 (もく) の大部分は白亜紀には存在していた。イクチオルニスはシギ,カモメの仲間に近いとされる。イクチオルニスの脳は,同時代の鳥ヘスペルオルニスよりはずっと発達していたが,現代の鳥よりは小さい。脊椎骨は原始的爬虫類と似る。足がかなり強く,比較的長い前指と小さい後指をもっていた。足にはたぶん水かきがあったであろう。イクチオルニス属は約6種記載されており,産地はアメリカのワイオミング州,カンザス州,テキサス州などから報告されている。北海道の海成層からも,イクチオルニスに近い仲間の前肢と考えられる化石が発見されている。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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