Kai Iijima - Kai Iijima

Zoologist. Born in Hamamatsu, Totomi Province (Shizuoka Prefecture), he attended Tokyo Kaisei School and graduated from the Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo in 1881 (Meiji 14). From 1882 to 1885, he studied at the University of Leipzig in Germany, where he studied zoology and parasitology under Leukardt, and made achievements such as research on planarians and the discovery of the reproductive intestine of monogenean worms. After returning to Japan, he became a professor at Tokyo Imperial University in 1886 at the age of 26, where he lectured on zoology and parasitology. His research covered a wide range of subjects, including sponges, planarians, parasites, leeches, and birds. His achievements in parasitic worms include finding the larvae of the Japanese Sea tapeworm (Diphyllobothrium broadleaf tapeworm) in trout and revealing that trout become intermediate hosts through self-infection, and discovering the first case of human parasitism by Diplogonum major. He built the foundations of modern zoology in Japan, and produced many outstanding students, including Goto Seitaro. His books include "Parasites of the Human Body" (1888) and "Summary of Zoology" (1918).

[Masaaki Machida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

動物学者。遠江(とおとうみ)国（静岡県）浜松に生まれ、東京開成学校を経て、1881年（明治14）東京大学理学部生物学科を卒業。1882～1885年ドイツのライプツィヒ大学に留学、ロイカルトのもとで動物学、寄生虫学を修め、ウズムシ類の研究や単生虫の生殖腸管の発見などの業績を残した。帰国後の1886年、26歳で東京帝国大学の教授となり、動物学と寄生虫学の講義を受け持つ。その研究は、カイメン類、ウズムシ類、寄生虫類、ヒル類、鳥類など広範囲にわたり、寄生虫では広節裂頭条虫（日本海裂頭条虫）の幼虫をマスにみつけ、自体感染によりマスが中間宿主になることを明らかにしたり、大複殖門条虫の人体寄生第一例の発見などの業績がある。日本における近代動物学の基礎を築き、五島清太郎(せいたろう)など優秀な門下生が輩出した。『人体寄生動物編』（1888）、『動物学提要』（1918）などの著書がある。

［町田昌昭］

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